Murallas de Pamplona

The Murallas de Pamplona is a defensive system stretching about 5 kilometers that completely encircles the old town. It comprises thick stone walls, bastions, ramparts, and several historic gates representing construction from the 16th through 18th centuries.

The medieval fortifications were fundamentally rebuilt in the 16th century when Pamplona became a crucial border stronghold against France. Further expansions under kings like Ferdinand the Catholic and Philip II transformed it into one of Europe's best-preserved Renaissance military complexes.

The walls enclose three distinct medieval districts that developed separately and each maintains its own character today. Walking through these areas reveals how different parts of the city evolved with their own identities.

The walls are best experienced from above via the Paseo de Ronda, a wide path bordered by parks and gardens, or from ground level. The upper route is easier to walk and offers good views of the city and surroundings throughout the journey.

Sections of the walls were demolished between 1888 and mid-20th century to make room for the city to expand. About three-quarters of the original perimeter survives today, making the missing portions evident and tangible to visitors.