Former US Post Office Building, Historic postal building in Fairfield, United States.

The Former US Post Office Building is a two-story brick structure with arched windows and carved stone details located in downtown Fairfield. The decorative elements and careful craftsmanship show the care that went into designing federal government buildings of that era.

The building was constructed in 1876 and was the first structure built specifically for the federal government in Fairfield. It was erected during a period when the government was expanding its administrative presence in growing communities across the Midwest.

The building displays Italian architectural details and occupies a central location along the downtown street. Its appearance with red brick and decorative stonework has shaped the area's visual character for generations.

The building stands in downtown Fairfield, Iowa, near the adjacent Wilson Building that James F. Wilson also erected. It is a two-story brick structure, so the Italianate facade and window arches are best examined from street level. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Wilson had already served three terms as a Republican congressman for Iowa's 1st district when he built it; he began the first of two Senate terms seven years later, in 1883. The building's historic value lies in those federal connections.