Kirkuk, Historic city in northern Iraq.
Located at the foot of the Zagros Mountains, Kirkuk features a central citadel built on an ancient mound with surrounding residential neighborhoods.
The settlement dates back to Neanderthal times and was known as Arrapha during the Assyrian period in the 9th century BCE.
The tomb in the old quarter, traditionally attributed to prophet Daniel, transformed from a synagogue to a church and now functions as a mosque.
The city connects to Baghdad through a 238-kilometer road and railway system, serving as a major center for petroleum production and agricultural trade.
Archaeological excavations at Kirkuk revealed artifacts from the Ubaid period, indicating one of the earliest human settlements in Mesopotamia.
Elevation above the sea: 350 m
GPS coordinates: 35.47193,44.39539
Latest update: May 26, 2025 19:50
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