Saruq Al Hadid Archaeological Site, Archaeological site in Dubai Emirate, United Arab Emirates.
Saruq Al Hadid is an excavation site in Dubai's desert where thousands of metal artifacts, tools, weapons, and pottery pieces from ancient settlements were found. The location shows dense deposits from a period of intensive metalworking and is now presented through a museum that explains the objects and their origins.
Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum spotted unusual dune formations and a large black deposit while flying his helicopter in 2002, and reported the site to Dubai Municipality. The black field proved to be copper and iron smelting slag covering about 1.5 hectares, whose weight had kept the sand from shifting and preserved the remains beneath. Excavations showed occupation from the Umm Al Nar period (2600–2000 BCE) through the Iron Age, with its main flourishing as a metallurgical centre in Iron Age II (1100–600 BCE).
Thousands of bronze snakes and snake-decorated pots found here suggest the site may have served a snake cult, a role shared with Qusais, Rumailah, Bithnah, Masafi and Salut. Three commemorative stamps issued by Emirates Post show a gold ring, a gold crown model and a pottery storage jar.
The excavated site lies about 40 km inland from the Jebel Ali shore, within the Al Marmoom Desert Conservation Reserve, and is reached by desert track rather than public transport. The finds themselves are shown at the Saruq Al Hadid Archaeology Museum in Al Shindagha, Bur Dubai, housed in a 1928 barjeel wind-tower building. There visitors can try excavation with tools provided in a dedicated section.
The site lies about 40 km inland from the shore at Jebel Ali, yet it lacks the three essentials for smelting: water, fuel and ore. Archaeologists therefore suggest it was chosen for religious reasons. Thousands of bronze snakes and pottery with snake motifs have been found there, and similar objects appear in smaller numbers at Qusais, Rumailah, Bithnah, Masafi and Salut.
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