Berat Citadel, Medieval fortress in Berat, Albania.
Berat Citadel is a medieval fortress built on a hilltop above the city, featuring thick stone walls that run along the Osum River valley. The site contains closely packed houses, churches, and historic structures that form a dense fortified complex within the defensive walls.
Romans built the original fortress in the 2nd century, and the Byzantines later strengthened its defenses significantly under Emperor Theodosius II. These early fortifications formed the foundation upon which the later medieval structures were built and remain visible today.
The citadel contains over twenty Christian churches built across several centuries, reflecting the deep religious roots of the region that remain visible today. Walking through the complex, visitors can see how these places of worship shaped the life and identity of the people who lived here.
The climb to the citadel involves steep cobblestone paths and stairs requiring moderate physical effort. Comfortable shoes and several hours are needed to properly explore the many streets, buildings, and churches within the complex.
Hundreds of residents still live in traditional stone houses within the fortress walls, sharing the space with churches and monuments on a daily basis. This living community transforms the citadel into a place where history and everyday life exist side by side.
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