RJ-165, highway in Rio de Janeiro

RJ-165 is the 21 km stretch of the Estrada Parque Comendador Antônio Cônti between km 575 of the Rio-Santos (BR-101) in Paraty and the top of the Serra da Bocaina, where it becomes SP-171 toward Guaratinguetá. Under DER-RJ it is a simple, unpaved road without shoulders, winding over crystalline rock scarps above 1,000 m; Pedra da Macela, at 1,840 m, is the highest point on the state border.

This route follows the Caminho do Ouro, a colonial-era path used to transport gold from Minas Gerais to a port. In the 20th century, the route was modernized for vehicles and later played a role in Brazil's civil conflict of 1932.

The road's official name honours Antônio Cônti, a businessman born in 1931 who pushed Rio de Janeiro state to complete its share of the 1954 paving agreement, finished in 2017. On the São Paulo side, the two stretches carry the names of Paulo Virgínio, a farmer executed in 1932, and Salvador Pacetti, an Italian immigrant pharmacist in Cunha.

The road is narrow with rough conditions in some places, especially through steep mountain sections with sharp curves and elevation changes. During rainy weather, sections become slippery, so caution is needed and proper driving techniques are important.

This route was once the only land connection to Paraty and remained unpaved until the 1950s. An accident involving an old bus called a jardineira highlighted the urgent need to improve and pave the route.