Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, National wildlife refuge in Cameron County, Texas.

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge covers 120,000 acres (49,000 ha) almost entirely in Cameron County, Texas, 25 mi (40 km) east of Harlingen, with a small northern extension into Willacy County. Its landscape is an interspersed pattern of meandering resacas (oxbow lakes), lomas (brush-covered sand and clay dunes), coastal prairies, and wetlands.

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1946, after World War II, specifically to protect habitat for migratory birds and waterfowl, especially redhead ducks (Aythya americana). By 2010 the refuge covered 65,096 acres of resacas, lomas, coastal prairies and wetlands. In January 2024 Texas Parks and Wildlife proposed adding 477 acres via a land swap with SpaceX.

The refuge's name comes from Laguna Atascosa, the shallow lake at its centre; "atascosa" means boggy or muddy in Spanish. Visitors tour the 4.2-mile auto loop past resacas and lomas, and the wetland and vegetation restoration programmes are run with ocelot biologist Hilary Swarts and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

The refuge lies 25 miles east of Harlingen, mostly in Cameron County. A 4.2-mile auto tour loop crosses resacas, coastal prairies and lomas; hiking trails and birding, butterfly-watching and photography are available. There is no camping in the refuge, but lodging and camping facilities are within a couple of miles.

The refuge harbors one of the largest ocelot populations in the United States, wild cats that are otherwise extremely rare to spot in South Texas. This small predator becomes an unexpected and memorable sight for many visitors.