Fort Rosalie, French colonial fort in Natchez, United States.

Fort Rosalie is an archaeological site on the Mississippi River bluffs in Natchez, Mississippi. The fort was built in 1716 within the ancestral homeland of the Natchez people, close to their main settlement of Grand Village. Today the site is part of Natchez National Historical Park, and a large earthen mound bears a printed inscription: "Scene of terrible Massacre of French Natchez Indians, Year 1729."

The fort was established in 1716 as a French colonial outpost, built with labor from the local Natchez people. It served for decades as a strategic post for French expansion in the lower Mississippi valley.

The location served as a meeting point where French settlers and Natchez Indians interacted through trade, though power imbalances often created tension. This interaction between two peoples shaped how the settlement developed and how people lived here daily.

The fort site lies within Natchez National Historical Park, on the bluff above the Mississippi in present-day Natchez. The ground is uneven, with a large earthen mound and sparse trees, so sturdy shoes help. Interpretive markers identify the colonial fort and the events of 1729.

The name honoured Rosalie, second wife of the naval minister Pontchartrain, and also his daughter born that same year; Governor Bienville chose it. The photograph at the mound's base carries a printed caption dating a massacre to 1729, while French sources place the Natchez attack on 28 November 1729 and English ones on 29 November.