Piz Varuna, Alpine summit in Bernina Range, Switzerland and Italy
Piz Varuna is a mountain summit in the Bernina Range that rises to 3,453 meters and sits on the border between Switzerland's Grisons and Italy's Lombardy. The peak stands as a natural landmark separating these two regions in the eastern Alps.
Until shortly after World War II, the border between Italy and Switzerland ran across Piz Varuna along the Vedretta di Varuna glacier to the Cima Fontanà. As the glacier melted away, the boundary was redrawn along the watershed, shifting it to Switzerland's disadvantage. The mountain is the highest point of a small massif that also includes the Piz Canton (3,147 m), the Cima Fontanà (3,070 m) and the Curnasel (2,809 m).
The name has an Italian variant, Pizzo Verona or Pizzo di Verona, still found in older Italian sources alongside the Romansh-German Piz Varuna. The massif's other summits carry names from the same Alpine naming layers: Piz Canton, Cima Fontanà and Curnasel. The glaciers below the peak are named after it and its neighbours, such as the Vadret da Varuna and the Vadret da Canton.
The summit is accessible to experienced mountaineers who have solid Alpine skills and proper high-altitude climbing equipment. The best season is late spring through early fall, when snow cover is reduced and weather conditions tend to be more stable.
The border between Italy and Switzerland ran across Piz Varuna along the Vedretta di Varuna glacier to the Cima Fontanà until shortly after the Second World War. As the glacier melted, the boundary was moved back along the watershed, to Switzerland's disadvantage.
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