Eltz Castle, Medieval castle in Wierschem, Germany
Burg Eltz is a medieval fortress standing on a 70-meter-high (230-foot) rock in Wierschem, encircled by the Elzbach stream. The structure rises through eight floors and holds more than 100 rooms inside its walls.
Construction began during the Romanesque period, and in 1157 Emperor Frederick Barbarossa formally recognized the fortress as an important stronghold of the Holy Roman Empire. Over the following centuries, the building received several extensions and acquired Gothic as well as later stylistic elements.
The building takes its name from the small Elz stream that flows around the rock, giving the site its sheltered position. Inside the rooms, visitors find original furniture and artworks showing how noble families lived and arranged their spaces over the centuries.
The fortress opens from March 24 through November 1 and offers guided tours starting at 9:30 in the morning. Access is not possible for wheelchair users, as steep paths and staircases shape the approach to the site.
The Eltz family has lived in the building continuously since the 12th century and still occupies part of the rooms today. This uninterrupted continuity is rare among European castles and makes the site a living testimony to noble residential culture.
Location: Wierschem
Architectural style: Romanesque architecture
Accessibility: Wheelchair inaccessible
Address: Burg Eltz 1, 56294 Wierschem
Phone: +492672950500
Website: https://burg-eltz.de
GPS coordinates: 50.20500,7.33667
Latest update: December 4, 2025 19:00
Medieval castles and fortresses span Europe, documenting defense systems and princely seats from the 9th through 16th centuries. These sites include mountaintop strongholds such as Montségur in the Pyrenees, island fortifications like Trakai in Lithuania, and coastal defenses such as Kronborg in Denmark. Construction methods range from Romanesque towers to late medieval artillery positions, from Moorish palaces like the Alhambra to Gothic defensive structures like Burg Eltz. Many of these sites feature multiple rings of fortifications, underground passages, and residential quarters that provide insights into both military and civil aspects of medieval life. The collection includes locations in varied geographical contexts. Predjama Castle in Slovenia is built into a cliff face, while Eilean Donan in Scotland occupies a tidal island. Fortresses such as Sant Ferran near Figueres demonstrate 18th century military architecture with star shaped bastions. Some sites like Neuschwanstein were constructed in the 19th century in historicist style, combining romantic ideals with engineering advances of their era. Further examples include Château de Chambord in the Loire Valley, Peles Castle in the Carpathian Mountains, and Bojnice in Slovakia. These sites document functions ranging from border fortresses to royal residences and show the evolution of European military architecture across several centuries.
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Rhineland-Palatinate preserves centuries of European fortification architecture across a region shaped by river valleys and forested highlands. Medieval castles like Eltz Castle rise above the Moselle loop at Bremm, while Pfalzgrafenstein Castle sits on a Rhine island at Kaub, where it once controlled river traffic. Roman foundations lie beneath later structures such as Limburg Monastery near Bad Dürkheim, and Romanesque abbeys like Maria Laach demonstrate monastic design from the 11th century. The landscape ranges from the Teufelsfels rock formation in the Hunsrück to the ruins of Hardenburg, among the largest fortress complexes in the state. From the Rhine Valley with Stolzenfels Castle and the Loreley to the Palatinate fortresses of Hambach and Trifels, these sites document the region's strategic importance. Pyrmont Castle stands beside a waterfall near Roes, while the ruins of Frankenstein Castle near Kaiserslautern show medieval defensive works. Natural formations like the Kaltwasser Geysir at Andernach and the Geierlay Suspension Bridge at Mörsdorf complement the historical structures, providing access to the geological features between the Rhine, Moselle and Nahe rivers.
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