Minster Breisach, Romanesque-Gothic church in Breisach, Germany
Breisacher Stephansmünster is a Romanesque-Gothic church on the Münsterberg, built from about 1185 and completed in 1230, with a Gothic polygonal choir added in the 13th century and a west building finished around 1500. Its two unequal towers stand in the choir area rather than at the west end. Inside, tall grey stone piers carry pointed ribbed vaults above rows of dark wooden pews, and an openwork Gothic screen with tracery spans the nave before the choir.
Construction began in the late 12th century and extended through several centuries until the late 15th century, allowing the church to evolve through different architectural periods. This long building process enabled the blending of Romanesque foundations with Gothic elements added over time.
The church is dedicated to Saint Stephen and is used by the Catholic parish of Sankt Stephan, where Breisach's patron saints Gervasius and Protasius are venerated. Inside, Martin Schongauer's wall painting of the Last Judgment, over 100 square meters, dates from 1488–1491, and the high altar comes from the workshop of Meister H. L.
The church stands on the Münsterberg above the town, and the west building was completed at the end of the 15th century, as the dates 1473 on a pier and 1785 on a small stair turret on the south side show. The west facade and the north portal with its tracery tympanum carry irregularities left by the long pause in construction after 1330. The towers were renewed after the Second World War, so their masonry differs from the older walls.
The two towers stand in the choir area rather than at the west end, unusual for a Christian church. Their masonry differs because both had to be rebuilt after the Second World War, when the upper part of the minster was almost completely destroyed and Schongauer's wall painting was blackened by soot. Reconstruction ran from 1945 to 1961.
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