Kleiner Leuchtturm , Cast iron lighthouse in Borkum, Germany.
Kleiner Leuchtturm is a cast iron tower standing 32 meters high with a distinctive sixteen-sided shape, located on a ten-meter dune on Borkum's southwest coast. Its bold red and white striped pattern is visible from far away and makes it stand out in the flat island landscape.
Planned in 1883 at an Emden conference as one of five leading lights for the Lower Ems, the tower was finished in 1890 and entered service with the others on 1 October 1891. It guided ships into the Hubertgat and Westerems fairways until the Westerems light moved to the Neuer Leuchtturm in the early 1960s, and it was decommissioned in summer 2003 after sand shifts altered the Hubertgat.
The tower's nickname, "Elektrischer Leuchtturm", comes from its role as Germany's first lighthouse built for electric operation, powered by its own small coal-fired plant. From April 1894 the site housed a sea telegraph station where shipping exchanged flag signals with the lighthouse staff, who relayed messages by telegraph; the Reich telegraph administration ran it, Prussia supplied the keepers and the Imperial Navy the signalling equipment.
The tower stands on a ten-metre dune on Borkum's southwest side and is not open to visitors; it is viewed from outside. A former construction rail link of the Borkumer Kleinbahn, later used to deliver coal, still runs to the site. The tower has served since 1970 as an antenna carrier for the German-Dutch Ems traffic safety system.
The tower's nickname, "Electric Lighthouse", comes from its role as Germany's first lighthouse built for electric operation, powered by its own small coal-fired plant. A rail spur of the Borkumer Kleinbahn, laid to serve the construction site, was kept and used to deliver that coal. In May 1900 the world's first official coastal radio station began operating here, handling ship reports in connection with the Borkumriff lightship.
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