Castra Mediana

Castra Mediana is a former Roman military fort in Gnotzheim, Bavaria, laid out in a rectangular shape across roughly 23 acres (9.3 hectares). Archaeological work has revealed the outlines of barracks, administrative buildings, and defensive structures that remain beneath the current ground surface.

The fort was founded between 81 and 96 AD through several construction phases that evolved from wooden-earth defenses to stone buildings. Roman forces remained stationed there until around 260 AD, when the site was eventually abandoned.

Archaeological excavations have uncovered inscriptions detailing the presence of the Cohors III Thracum civium Romanorum equitata, a part-mounted Roman military unit.

The site is accessible by way of field paths and reveals itself mainly through gentle ground rises across the landscape. Walking through the surrounding fields helps visitors trace the subtle soil mounds that mark where buildings once stood.

Three surviving stone inscriptions from the fort record different construction phases and military unit assignments. These carved texts offer visitors a direct link to how the Roman army managed everyday operations over two centuries ago.