Remparts d'Avallon, Medieval defensive wall in Avallon, France
The Remparts d'Avallon are a medieval fortification system built on a promontory above the Cousin Valley, featuring towers, walls, gates, and bastions positioned at different points. The layout takes advantage of the natural slope to create strong defensive positions with varied views across the surrounding landscape.
The fortification system was reinforced during the Hundred Years War when the Dukes of Burgundy, particularly Jean sans Peur and his successor Philippe le Bon, renewed the city defenses. Jean sans Peur commissioned the construction of the Beurdelaine tower in 1404 as part of this broader defensive strategy.
The Tower of Escharguet takes its name from an Old French word meaning to watch or guard, reflecting the medieval military role of this semi-circular structure. Over the centuries, residents have maintained this location as a central part of their town identity.
Visitors can explore the fortified city on foot using interconnected pathways that link the various towers and wall sections throughout the area. Comfortable shoes are recommended as you will be walking on uneven terrain and steps, allowing time to take in both the structures and the views of the valley below.
In 1522, the Escharguet Tower was leased to a private individual tasked with protecting the region from plague epidemics. This unusual use shows how the structure was adapted beyond its original military purpose.
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