Mdzovreti fortress, Medieval fortress in Ortubani village, Georgia
Mdzovreti fortress sits on the right bank of the Dzama River and contains a church, bell tower, castle, and agricultural areas as one unified structure. The building has multiple floors with preserved fireplaces, windows, and small niches linked by wooden staircases that connect the different defensive sections.
In the 10th century, the future King of Abkhazia, Theodosius III, found shelter at Mdzovreti. In the 13th century, the fortress belonged to Gamrekeli, son of Kakha, Duke of Dukes. In 1640, it was the stronghold of Prince Nodar Tsitsishvili during his rebellion against the King of Kartli; King Rostom failed to take it.
The church inside the walls is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and stands in the eastern part of the complex. From the 14th century the Panaskerteli-Tsitsishvili family governed the Dzama valley, and the fortress remained a Tsitsishvili stronghold. The bell tower attached to the church's west wall has a bell chamber on its third floor.
The complex stands at the start of Ortubani village, on the right bank of the Dzama, within the former town of Mdzovreti. The bell tower's second floor is reached by a leaning wooden ladder, and the tower has two entrances, north on the first floor and south on the third, both level with the ground because it is built on a slope. The church is inside the wall, to the east.
The fortress stands on a rock and shows three construction layers, evidence of building in several periods. In the 10th century it sheltered Theodosius III, later king of Abkhazia; in 1640 King Rostom of Kartli failed to take it from Prince Nodar Tsitsishvili.
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