Castello a Mare, Medieval fortress in La Cala, Palermo, Italy
Castello a Mare is a medieval fortress overlooking Palermo's harbor, displaying layers of defensive construction from different periods. The site contains a Norman round tower, reinforced gates, and star-shaped bastions added during later centuries to strengthen the harbor entrance.
The fortress was built in the 9th century during Arab rule and later expanded significantly under Norman king Roger II to control the harbor. These Norman modifications transformed it into a key point for defending Palermo's maritime interests.
The castle served as the seat of religious authority during the Inquisition period, shaping the spiritual life of Palermo for generations. Visitors can sense this complex chapter when walking through the preserved spaces that reflect that era.
The site is best accessed via Via Roma or the Teatro Massimo district, following Via Cavour toward the waterfront. Visitors should be prepared for uneven terrain and exposed archaeological areas where sure footing is necessary.
The fortress relied on an ingenious underground water system, a qanat that channeled water from distant sources to supply the garrison. This ancient engineering solution allowed the fortress to remain independent from nearby water sources.
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