Ospedale Bonifacio, Former hospital building on Via San Gallo, Florence, Italy.

Ospedale Bonifacio is a large palace building that occupies an entire city block on Via San Gallo in Florence. The structure was designed to house different medical functions and patient care areas across its layout.

Bonifacio Lupi, a successful condottiero, obtained permission on 23 December 1377 to build a hospital for the sick at his own expense. Opened to the public in 1388 after an outlay of 26,000 florins, it was dedicated to St John the Baptist. In 1736 Grand Duke Gian Gastone de' Medici turned it into a Conservatory for the poor invalids; in 1785 Peter Leopold restored its hospital function, transferring psychiatric patients there, and Giuseppe Salvetti rebuilt it, inaugurating the new portico in 1787.

The name "di Bonifacio" stuck because of the founder's fame, and the hospital's coat of arms showed the Agnus Dei with a golden cross on a red field, recalling its patron saint John the Baptist. In 1619 Fabrizio Boschi frescoed the Last Supper in the former refectory for prior Leonardo Conti, including portraits of the commissioner and his nephew.

The building now houses the police headquarters (Questura) and is not open to the public. The main facade at via San Gallo 81-83, between via Duca d'Aosta and via Bonifazio Lupi, can be seen from the street. The surrounding streets—Bonifacio Lupi, Zara and Duca d'Aosta—were once part of the hospital complex.

The 1787 reorganization by Grand Duke Peter Leopold brought psychiatric patients from Santa Dorotea and invalids from San Paolo under Santa Maria Nuova's authority. A split coat of arms of the two hospitals, placed on the facade at that time, still marks this merger. Architect Giuseppe Salvetti rebuilt the complex and inaugurated its new portico in 1787.