Ayn Ghazal

Ayn Ghazal is a Neolithic settlement near the Zarqa River in Amman Governorate, Jordan. The site covers an extensive area at 720 meters elevation and contains remains of rectangular mud-brick houses with shared communal spaces.

The settlement was established around 7250 BCE and grew from a few hundred residents to approximately 3000 inhabitants before declining sharply around 6900 BCE. This sudden contraction marked a turning point in the early history of the region.

Excavations revealed limestone statues with striking features, including oversized heads with prominent eyes outlined in black pigment and painted clothing details. These sculptures offer insight into the artistic capabilities of the early inhabitants.

The site is accessible and located on relatively level ground, making it easy to navigate. Comfortable shoes and sun protection are recommended, as the excavations are in an open area with limited shade.

The early inhabitants created some of the oldest known large-scale human statues using lime plaster layered over plant material, which were buried in specific caches. These figures rank among the earliest examples of monumental art production in human history.