Menshikov battery, Coastal fortification in Kronstadt, Russia.
Menshikov Battery is a coastal fortification on Kotlin Island with thick stone walls and gun emplacements positioned along the waterfront. The structure extends along the water's edge and displays 18th-century military architecture with underground chambers for ammunition storage.
A wooden two-tier battery with 24 guns was built at the entrance to Merchant Harbour in 1826. In 1841 engineer-captain I. A. Zargetsky drew up plans for a four-tier casemated battery in three weeks, and construction ran from 1843 to 1850. The completed battery was named after Admiral Prince A. S. Menshikov, head of the Naval Ministry. From 1854 it covered the mine position of the Southern Fairway together with forts Pavel I and Alexander I.
The battery is named after Admiral Prince A. S. Menshikov, head of the Naval Ministry when construction finished in 1850. Its granite-faced front and two rear annexes housed bomb and charge magazines, hoists and stairways for the crews. From 1854 its guns, with forts Pavel I and Alexander I, covered the mine barrages of the Southern Fairway.
The battery stands at the entrance to the Merchant Harbour (Kupetskaya gavan) in Kronstadt, on the shore of Kotlin Island rather than on an offshore islet, so it is reached on foot from the town. The two upper closed tiers were dismantled after the war, leaving the lower casemates and the open upper tier visible from the harbour side.
The two upper enclosed tiers were dismantled after the war, leaving the battery lower than its original four tiers. In 1942 two 100-mm B-34 guns were mounted here as battery No. 668, replacing the 19th-century armament of 44 guns, 42 of them 3-pood bomb guns.
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