City walls of Nuremberg

The city walls of Nuremberg form a complete ring around the old town with dozens of towers, gates, and bastions built in different styles and periods. The fortification includes walkways along the top, protected passages, and sections that show how defensive design changed as military technology advanced.

Construction of the walls began in the 12th century and continued through the 15th century as the city repeatedly strengthened and rebuilt its defenses. When cannons appeared, new gun ports were added and older sections were reinforced to withstand modern weapons.

The walls shaped how the medieval city was organized and remain central to how residents and visitors experience Nuremberg's old town today. Walking along them offers insight into how the community once protected itself and how those ancient gates still connect different neighborhoods.

Many sections of the walls are freely accessible for walking, though some areas have steep stairs and uneven ground. It is most pleasant to walk the walls in the morning or late afternoon when the sun is less intense and views into the city are clearer.

Some towers like the Henkersturm and Luginsland served purposes beyond military defense, such as housing craftspeople and night watchmen. These structures show how defensive architecture was woven into the everyday working life of the city.