Bismarckturm, Demolished monument on the Wartenberg in Eisenach, Germany
Bismarckturm was an 18-metre-high memorial tower on the Wartenberg north of Eisenach, built of limestone quarried directly below the site. Its south face, turned toward the Wartburg and the town, carried a monumental relief with a Reich eagle above and a group of demonstrating students of the 1817 Wartburg Festival below. A viewing platform with a fire basin topped the tower. It was blown up in 1963; facade fragments still lie in the woods on the southern slope.
The tower was built in 1902 on the Wartenberg in Eisenach, on the site planned for a Burschenschaft memorial. Wilhelm Kreis won the 1899 competition with his design "Götterdämmerung"; the foundation stone was laid on 2 September 1901 and the tower was inaugurated on 19 October 1902. Damaged by weather and wartime hits, it was renamed "Turm der Jugend" in the early 1950s and blown up in 1963 by GDR border troops.
The tower's south face, turned toward the Wartburg and the town, carried a monumental relief: a Reich eagle above and a group of demonstrating students who took part in the 1817 Wartburg Festival below. The design by Wilhelm Kreis, named "Götterdämmerung", had won the Deutsche Studentenschaft prize in 1899. The tower was blown up in 1963; facade fragments still lie scattered in the woods on the southern slope of the Wartenberg.
The tower no longer exists: it was blown up in 1963, and the site on the Wartenberg was afterwards used as a military training ground. Fragments of the facade still lie scattered in the woods on the southern slope of the hill. Since the 1930s the Reichsautobahn has cut across that slope, so the only link from the town centre is a pedestrian tunnel under the motorway.
On certain commemoration dates, fires were lit at the tower's summit as part of a nationwide network of memorial beacons. This tradition connected different locations across long distances through visible light signals.
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