Grdelička klisura, Canyon in southeastern Serbia
Grdelička klisura is a 34 km long and 550 m deep gorge in southeastern Serbia, cut by the South Morava into gneiss between the Vranje and Leskovac basins. The towns of Vladičin Han, Predejane and Grdelica lie within it. The E75 motorway and the Niš–Skopje railway run through the gorge.
The gorge was carved over millions of years as the river eroded through the rock layers, creating this natural passageway. In the 20th century it became a crucial transport corridor, and military conflict in the region left its mark on the infrastructure passing through it.
The gorge is named after Grdelica, the town at its entrance; the smaller settlements of Vladičin Han and Predejane lie inside it. The South Morava basin around the gorge is the most erosion-prone area of Serbia, a result of the steep slopes and uncontrolled logging on Čemernik and Kukavica.
The main route through the canyon is a modern highway with two tunnels that connect the Vranje and Leskovac areas. Drivers pass through on this direct route with good views from the road, though the path includes sharp turns and elevation changes.
The South Morava basin, which the gorge drains, is the most erosion-prone area in Serbia; the steep flanks of the Grdelička klisura and uncontrolled logging on Čemernik and Kukavica are named as causes. The gorge itself is cut into gneiss to a depth of 550 m.
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