Wanlockhead Beam Engine, Water-powered beam engine in Wanlockhead, Scotland
The Wanlockhead Beam Engine is a water-powered pumping machine with a horizontal pitch-pine beam measuring 8.5 meters long that rests on cast-iron blocks fitted with brass bearings atop a freestone column. The entire system relied on gravity to lift water from the mine below.
The engine was built around 1870 and pumped water from the Straitsteps lead mine until 1910. It marks the final chapter of mining in this area.
The miners gave the engine the nickname 'Bobbin John' because of how it moved with a nodding motion, showing how closely local workers connected with this machine. The name reveals how people in Wanlockhead made their tools part of everyday life and conversation.
The machine collects water in an elevated tank and uses gravity to power the pump system, which moved a significant volume of water each hour. Visitors should be prepared for uneven ground and wear sturdy shoes.
This is the last complete water-powered beam pumping engine still standing at its original site in the United Kingdom. The system remains in the exact location where it operated daily more than 150 years ago.
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