Red Onion State Prison, Maximum security prison in Wise County, Virginia, United States
Red Onion State Prison contains individual cells designed for strict isolation, with reinforced walls and limited access points for enhanced security measures.
The Virginia Department of Corrections opened this facility in August 1998, with construction costs reaching 70 million dollars, exceeding initial estimates by 18 million.
The prison population reflects demographic differences between urban inmates and rural staff, leading to discussions about institutional practices and social dynamics.
Inmates remain in their cells for 23 hours daily, with specific time allocations for exercise, medical appointments, and limited educational programming.
The facility sits atop Red Onion Mountain, utilizing geographical isolation as an additional security measure for containing high-risk offenders.
Location: Wise County
Inception: 1998
Official opening: August 1998
Reference: 11
Website: https://www.vadoc.virginia.gov/facilities/western/redonion/
Operator: Virginia Department of Corrections
Address: 10800 H. Jack Rose Highway 24279 Pound
Phone: +12767967510
Website: https://vadoc.virginia.gov/facilities/western/redonion
GPS coordinates: 37.11110,-82.55000
Latest update: November 22, 2025 11:20
This collection brings together penal institutions that have marked the history of incarceration worldwide through their architecture, detention conditions, or roles in major historical events. From the Guantanamo Bay naval base in Cuba, established in 2002 for holding individuals suspected of terrorism, to high-security facilities like Red Onion in Wise County, Virginia, these sites document the evolution of penal systems across continents. Among the institutions transformed into memorial sites, Diyarbakır Prison in Turkey stands out for its conversion into a cultural center and museum since 2019. Its 24 dormitories spread over two floors, its cells, and corridors allow visitors to explore this chapter of Turkish penal history. In Argentina, Mendoza Prison, built in the early 20th century, reflects the prison practices of that era and the development of the regional judicial system. Other facilities remain operational and raise questions about prisoners' rights and incarceration conditions. Gldani Prison in Tbilisi caused national protests in 2012 after images exposing systemic abuses were released, leading to major reforms in the Georgian penal system. Ciudad Barrios Prison in El Salvador continues to function as a correctional center in the eastern region of the country. These sites, spread across multiple continents, provide documented insights into penal practices in various political and social contexts. From Rwanda to North Korea, passing through Colombia and the United States, they help understand the evolution of judicial and correctional systems while raising current issues related to detention and rehabilitation.
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