Horace's Villa, Archaeological site in Licenza, Italy.
Horace's Villa is a Roman residential complex in the Licenza hills featuring living quarters, garden areas with surrounding covered walkways, and bathing facilities positioned on an eastern slope. The site covers significant ground and displays the typical layout of an affluent Roman property with distinct functional zones.
The property originated in the later Republican period and underwent successive renovations and expansions over several centuries. It was eventually abandoned around the 4th century, reflecting patterns common to Roman residences as the empire transformed.
The site displays black and white mosaics created during the Flavian period, still visible in sections of the complex. These decorative works reflect the artistic tastes of wealthy Roman inhabitants and can be observed while walking through the ruins.
The site is best explored on foot, as pathways between different areas of the complex can be uneven and steep in places. Information boards are positioned throughout to explain the various archaeological structures and their original functions.
The bathing area of the complex features an unusual elliptical plan, a rare design choice found in few Roman structures. This distinctive shape worked in conjunction with a hidden heating system beneath the floor that circulated warm air throughout the rooms.
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