Union Canal, Industrial waterway in Lebanon, United States.

Union Canal is a historic waterway in Pennsylvania that links Middletown to Reading, connecting the Susquehanna River to the Schuylkill River. Its route cuts through the hills of eastern Pennsylvania and includes a hand-drilled tunnel carved directly into solid rock.

Work on the canal started in 1811 and was finished in 1828, with the tunnel completed between 1825 and 1827. Once open, it allowed coal and timber from the interior to reach Philadelphia and brought goods back inland in return.

The Union Canal once served as the main corridor for moving goods across Pennsylvania, shaping the towns that grew along its banks. Visitors walking the old towpath today can still spot original stonework and the remains of lock walls built by hand.

The canal area is open daily from sunrise to sunset, and Tunnel Park is the easiest starting point for a visit. The paths along the water are flat and easy to follow, making the route comfortable for most visitors.

The tunnel at Union Canal was the first bored for commercial navigation in the United States, making it a rare early example of American civil engineering. It was built without any explosives other than black powder, relying entirely on hand tools and the labor of workers on site.