Blackstone River Valley National Historical Park, National Historical Park in Providence County, United States.

Blackstone River Valley National Historical Park is a National Park Service unit spanning Rhode Island and Massachusetts, made up of separate sites rather than one continuous tract. Its listed sites include Slater Mill in Pawtucket, built in 1793, the Ashton and Slatersville historic districts in Rhode Island, and the Whitinsville and Hopedale village districts in Massachusetts, along with stretches of the Blackstone River, its tributaries and the Blackstone Canal.

Samuel Slater, an English industrialist, built his first textile mill in Pawtucket in 1793, using technology and management methods new to American mills. Mills multiplied across the valley, and by the late 1820s the Blackstone Canal linked Worcester to the port of Providence. Congress created the National Heritage Corridor in 1986 and the National Historical Park in 2014.

The park's sites include company towns built by mill owners, such as Slatersville in North Smithfield, Rhode Island, laid out by Samuel Slater after his Pawtucket success, and the Ashton Mill village, built in 1867 by the Lonsdale Company. These planned settlements placed worker housing beside the mills, and their street layouts remain visible today.

The park is made up of separate sites spread from Worcester, Massachusetts, to Providence, Rhode Island, so plan to drive between them rather than walk the whole valley. Blackstone River State Park has bike paths, walking trails and river access, while the Ashton and Slatersville districts are mill villages with uneven ground. Check each site's own opening times before setting out.

The park's 2014 establishment came through the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015, which President Barack Obama signed into law on December 19, 2014. The new park covers only a subset of the sites in the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor, created by Congress in 1986, which continues to exist independently and is not a National Park System unit.