Araucárias National Park, National park in Passos Maia, Brazil.
Araucárias National Park covers 12,841 hectares (31,730 acres) of mixed Araucaria forest in the municipalities of Passos Maia and Ponte Serrada, Santa Catarina. Its upper canopy is formed by Araucaria angustifolia, with trunks over 3 metres in diameter, above a rich understory that includes the endangered Dicksonia sellowiana and Ocotea porosa. The terrain on the Campos Gerais plateau ranges from 805 to 1,218 metres.
The federal government established this protected area in October 2005 through collaboration among environmental agencies, universities, and civil society groups. This action responded to growing recognition of the region's ecological importance.
The park's name comes from Araucaria angustifolia, the pine that forms the continuous upper canopy above a rich understory. The forest also shelters endangered Dicksonia sellowiana tree ferns and Ocotea porosa, and it keeps water quality in the Chapecó, Chapecozinho, Mato and Caratuva rivers. The reserve is bordered by a 500-metre buffer zone of small farms, agrarian reform settlements, soy plantations and cattle ranches.
The park sits on a high plateau where rain falls throughout the year and temperatures remain relatively cool. Visitors should expect humid conditions and variable weather when exploring the trails and forest areas.
The park protects the headwaters of the Chapecó and Chapecózinho rivers, and springs rise inside its boundaries. Water from the Chapecózinho is being diverted to supply Chapecó, Xanxerê and Xaxim, cities outside the park. The forest also maintains water quality in the Mato and Caratuva rivers.
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