Historic center of João Pessoa, Historic district in João Pessoa, Brazil
The historic center of João Pessoa is an old district containing approximately 700 buildings spread across 37 hectares (91 acres), including colonial houses, centuries-old churches, and multiple squares across five neighborhoods. The area extends over 25 streets and six main squares with structures dating from different historical periods.
The area was founded in 1585 with the name Nossa Senhora das Neves and later became known as Filipeia and Frederikstad during Dutch occupation. It took the name João Pessoa in 1930, marking a significant shift in the district's identity.
The district's architecture layers different periods within its buildings and squares, where Baroque churches stand beside Rococo details and Mannerist features. Walking through the streets, you notice how these styles mix naturally in structures that residents still use today.
You can explore the district on foot, and guided walking tours are available to take you through the main historical buildings. Wearing comfortable shoes is wise, as the streets are cobblestone and terrain is uneven in places.
The Santa Roza Theater, opened in 1889, ranks among the oldest theaters in the country and features Baroque architecture with a Greco-Roman façade. The venue has hosted performers across generations and remains an important cultural hub for the city.
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