Mount Buffalo National Park, Nature reserve in Alpine region, Victoria, Australia.

Mount Buffalo National Park covers a granite plateau in the Victorian Alps and includes steep rock faces, valleys lined with snow gums, and open high plains. The landscape ranges from forested slopes at lower elevations to exposed summits with boulders and alpine bogs.

The reserve was established in 1898 as one of Australia's earliest national parks and initially protected only the central summit areas. Over the following decades, surrounding forests and valleys were added until it reached its current extent in 1980.

The Mitambuta and Taungurung peoples traditionally gathered on the mountain during summer months to collect bogong moths and perform ceremonies in the area.

In summer, hiking trails lead through valleys and onto rock ledges, while winter brings snow to the high plains and allows for cross-country skiing. Access is via a winding mountain road that may close during ice or heavy snowfall.

The alpine silver xenica butterfly is found only on the Mount Buffalo plateau. Bogong moths shelter in rock crevices at The Horn, where birds feed on them by day and bats by night. The park also protects endemic plants such as the Buffalo sallee eucalypt and Buffalo grevillea.