Guadalupe Mountains National Park

Guadalupe Mountains is a national park in western Texas, near the border with New Mexico, covering rugged limestone peaks and deep canyons. The park spans several elevation zones, from dry desert to forested high country with conifer trees.

The mountains served as a last stronghold for Apache groups in the 19th century, until they were forced out in the 1880s. The current park was established in 1972, after ranchers and mining companies had used the land for decades.

The park lies in the territory of the Mescalero Apache, who used these mountains as a refuge for centuries. Visitors today can still find rock shelters and pictographs that show this long occupation.

Most trails in the park are steep and exposed to sun, so hikers should start early in the morning. Water is available only at a few spots, so every visitor must carry enough supplies.

The mountains protect an island of plants and animals normally found only at higher latitudes. Spruce and fir trees grow here on ridges, while just a few meters below cacti and desert shrubs thrive.

Location: Texas

Inception: September 30, 1972

Operator: National Park Service

Address: Pine Canyon

Phone: +19158283251

Website: https://nps.gov/gumo

GPS coordinates: 31.91667,-104.86667

Latest update: December 13, 2025 19:34