Gabon, Central African nation between Cameroon and Republic of Congo
Gabon is a nation in Central Africa between Cameroon and the Republic of Congo. The territory includes a coastline on the Atlantic Ocean to the west, dense rainforests inland, and several river systems that cross the land.
Portuguese sailors reached the coast in the 15th century, followed by Dutch and British traders. French colonial rule began in 1885 and lasted until independence in 1960.
The name comes from the Portuguese word for a hooded cloak, which early sailors compared to the shape of a river estuary. Today French influence shapes urban life, while in rural areas traditional music and dance performances remain an active part of celebrations and ceremonies.
French is the official language, but travelers also hear numerous indigenous languages such as Fang, Punu, and Nzebi. The capital Libreville provides the main international access for visitors.
Protected areas shelter forest elephants, western lowland gorillas, and many primate species. Wooden masks and the ngombi, a harp-like stringed instrument, continue to shape traditional ceremonies in many communities.
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