Biscayne National Park, 180,000 acres of mostly waterways, in Florida (US), managed by the National Park Service
Biscayne National Park is a nature reserve south of Miami featuring islands, coral reefs, and an expansive bay composed mostly of water, defined by mangroves, shallow seagrass beds, and open ocean. The landscape includes rocky islands covered with tropical plants, beaches that serve as nesting grounds for sea turtles, and offshore coral reefs inhabited by numerous fish species and marine life.
The park began as home to the Tequesta and other indigenous peoples thousands of years ago, who used the bay for fishing and gathering shells, with many of these ancient sites later buried underwater. Over centuries, storms and hurricanes caused ships to wreck on the reefs, while wealthy Miami residents built private homes like Stiltsville in the early 20th century, until the park was officially established in 1980 to preserve its natural and cultural significance.
The park's name comes from the Tequesta and other Native American groups who lived and fished in these waters for thousands of years, shaping the area's early history. Today, visitors can see Stiltsville, a collection of houses built on stilts in the bay during the early 20th century by wealthy Miami residents seeking a waterside retreat, which now tells the story of the region's leisure and development.
Most visits require a boat since the park consists mainly of water and access to many islands is only possible by water; kayaking is a popular alternative for those wanting to stay closer to mangrove shorelines and seagrass beds. Visitors should bring sunscreen, water, and a hat, and it is wise to arrive early in the day since most guided tours and activities are offered in the mornings or early afternoons.
Mooring buoys are anchored throughout the park to prevent boats from damaging the fragile coral reefs, a simple system showing how modern conservation uses practical solutions to protect the delicate environment. These devices allow visitors to secure their boats safely without stepping on or harming the reefs, making the park a model for sustainable ecotourism.
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