Railway Museum Dresden, Railway museum in Dresden, Germany.

The Railway Museum Dresden is a railway museum located in Dresden, Germany, displaying steam locomotives, rail cranes, and technical equipment inside a former locomotive depot. The vehicles stand on original track sections, and parts of the depot's historic infrastructure remain in place.

The site began as a working locomotive depot serving the Dresden railway network, housing engines and equipment for daily operations. When regular activity ceased, the depot was gradually converted into a museum to keep the vehicles and infrastructure intact.

The site is run by the association IG Bw Dresden-Altstadt e.V., founded in 1999 to keep the depot open. Since 1977 the former Heizhaus 1 with its eight-track roundhouse has housed the operational heritage locomotives of the Dresden Transport Museum's collection. The museum opened on 18 May 2002 as a second venue of the DB Museum Nuremberg, which withdrew in 2005 and left the site to the association.

The museum occupies the northernmost surviving part of the depot, right by the Nossener Brücke, with the Zwickauer Straße to the east and the Würzburger Straße to the south. The grounds lie in a hollow once used by the Weißeritzmühlgraben, so the site was flooded by the Weißeritz in 2002. The roundhouse with its eight radial tracks holds the operable heritage locomotives.

The museum occupies the site of a depot that was almost completely destroyed in the Allied air raid of 17 April 1945; only Heizhaus 4 and the administration building survived largely intact. The grounds also lie in a hollow once used by the Weißeritzmühlgraben, which is why the Weißeritz flooded the museum during the 2002 Elbe flood.