Lieberose Heath, Natural landscape in Brandenburg, Germany

Lieberose Heath is a 25,500-hectare morainic landscape in southern Brandenburg, about 90 km southeast of Berlin and 20 km north of Cottbus. It lies mostly on the former Lieberose military training ground, stretching 28 km west to east and 12 km north to south, crossed by the B168 and B320. The terrain is bare sand and dry heath with sparse shrubs, lines of pines and taller trees, and nutrient-poor heath moors and lakes.

Originally a forest owned in part by the counts von der Schulenburg and Houwald since the 16th century, it became heathland through overuse in the 18th century. After a forest fire in May 1942 the Waffen-SS began building the "Kurmark" training ground, with the Lieberose subcamp of Sachsenhausen set up for labour; the Red Army took over in 1945 and expanded it from 1954. It served as a Soviet shooting range and Warsaw Pact manoeuvre ground until 1992; the Bundeswehr declined further use in 1994 and the land passed to Brandenburg.

The name Lieberoser Heide comes from the heath that replaced forest after overuse in the 18th century. Lieberose, Peitz, Pinnow and Lamsfeld lie within or beside the area. Since 2003 the Förderverein Nationalpark Lieberoser Heide, and from 2005 the Interessengemeinschaft Freie Lieberoser Heide, have worked to reopen former military routes, including the old Spreewaldbahn and Cottbus–Schwielochsee railway lines, for walkers.

The terrain mixes sand, wet ground, and open heath, so sturdy footwear makes the walk more comfortable on most sections of the trails. Some parts of the area may be harder to reach depending on the season, so it is worth checking conditions before setting out.

The Lieberose Desert, a sandy open area of about five square kilometres east of the B168, is regarded as Germany's largest desert. It formed after a forest fire in May 1942 and stayed bare because heavy military vehicles kept churning the ground until 1992.