Kholeno, Mountain summit in Central Alborz Range, Iran.
Kholeno is a mountain summit in the Central Alborz Range that reaches an elevation of about 4400 meters with two distinct peaks. Three main ridges descend from the mountain and lead toward the Sarkharsang and Varangroud valleys on either side.
This mountain has long served as a water source for the surrounding region through seasonal lake formation on its northern face. The natural water collected here has supported life in the area for generations.
Local mountaineering traditions center around the southern slopes near Lalan village, where generations of climbers have developed specific climbing techniques.
The best time to climb is from late spring through early autumn when weather and snow conditions are most stable. The southern approach route from Lalan village offers the most straightforward access to the summit.
The extreme northern face of this peak holds a permanent snow depression that transforms into Kholeno Lake as the snow melts seasonally. This natural feature creates a high-altitude water reservoir that few visitors actually witness.
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