Castle of Fossa, Medieval castle in Fossa, Italy
The Castle of Fossa stands on Mount Circolo with a trapezoidal perimeter wall, four square corner towers, and a circular keep at the summit. The main entrance features a pointed stone arch on the northeastern wall, with a secondary access near the southwestern corner tower.
Construction of the fortress began in the 12th century and by 1204 it became part of the Forcona diocese under Pope Innocent III's administration. This incorporation into ecclesiastical governance shaped its ongoing role as a defensive structure for the surrounding region.
The fortress grew from a medieval settlement that developed upon the remains of the ancient Roman city of Aveia. Walking through it, you sense the layering of two distinct historical periods in the same space.
Visit in dry conditions since the hilltop location means steep slopes and uneven terrain throughout the site. Sturdy footwear is essential for safely navigating the old stone surfaces and any loose stone along the paths.
The arrow slits are specifically designed to accommodate both crossbows and early firearms, revealing how defensive technology evolved during the fortress's lifetime. This practical adaptation shows the builders adjusting to military innovations over generations.
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