Chiesa di Maria Santissima del Rosario, Baroque church in Palma di Montechiaro, Italy.

The Chiesa di Maria Santissima del Rosario is a baroque church in Palma di Montechiaro, Sicily, built from Cassarino stone blocks. Its facade has two tiers of columns and broken pediments, with a central portal and two smaller portals topped by bell towers. The interior has three naves, a transept and a dome.

The church replaced the small San Giuseppe church founded in 1644 by don Vincenzo Ottaviano and later demolished; a chapel inside is still dedicated to San Giuseppe. Its foundation act was signed on 2 October 1666 before the notary Giuseppe Cappello da Licata, financed by Giulio Tomasi, who left a legacy of a thousand onze for its completion. Building was entrusted to Francesco Scicolone and the engineer Calogero Bennica of Agrigento, while the facade was designed by the Jesuit Angelo Italia. The two bell towers were only finished in 1779.

The church keeps relics donated in 1666 by Cardinal Sforza Pallavicini to Carlo Tomasi, including those of San Traspadano, and a piece of the Virgin's veil. In the first chapel on the left is a Madonna of Fatima given by an Italian-American family, and the tomb of the priest and astronomer Giovanni Battista Hodierna. The first chapel on the right holds the altar of San Giuseppe, recalling the earlier church on the site.

The church stands at the top of a wide staircase, so the approach is on foot and uphill. The facade faces the town below; the two bell towers, finished only in 1779, frame the central portal. Inside, a marble slab in the middle of the main nave covers the entrance to catacombs beneath the site, which are not part of the visit.

The facade's two bell towers were only completed in 1779, so for over a century the church stood without campaniles. Its three-nave layout with transept and dome, set atop a wide staircase, may have served as a model for later churches rebuilt after the 1693 earthquake, including Noto Cathedral.