Sala Lancisiana of Saint James in Augusta, Renaissance anatomical theatre in Rome, Italy

The Sala Lancisiana is a Renaissance hall built as part of the Ospedale di San Giacomo degli Incurabili, with a two-tiered symmetrical facade on Via di Ripetta bearing a Latin inscription. Inside, a circular plan is surrounded by concentric tiers of wooden seating, and the ogival vault is decorated with frescoes. A dissection table stands at the centre.

Cardinal Anton Maria Salviati had architect Francesco Capriani build the hall in 1593 as part of the reconstruction of the Ospedale di San Giacomo degli Incurabili, at the end of the north ward known as the Salviati ward. In 1780 Pope Pius VI decreed its use as an anatomical theatre, and it was named after the physician Giovanni Maria Lancisi, founder of the Lancisian Academy. It housed surgical teaching from 1780 and the chair of surgery established by Pius VII in 1815; after 1870 the Faculty of Medicine of the First Roman University met here.

The hall served as a gathering place where physicians and students watched surgeons perform and explain their techniques to those seated above. The steep seating allowed everyone to see clearly what happened at the central table during these teaching moments.

The hall is part of the San Giacomo degli Incurabili hospital complex, whose hospital closed in 2008; the Sala Lancisiana is now closed to public access. It can only be viewed from Via di Ripetta, where the two-tiered Renaissance façade and its Latin inscription are visible. The interior, with its circular plan and ogival vault, is not open for visits.

The hall is also known as the Aula di Malta. After the San Giacomo hospital closed in 2008, the room kept its healthcare designation under Cardinal Salviati's testamentary conditions and the Superintendency's heritage constraints, but it is now closed to public access.