Simeiz Observatory, Astronomical observatory in Yalta Municipality, Ukraine.

Simeiz Observatory stands on the southern slope of Mount Koshka at 360 m above sea level. Its main building, rebuilt after the Second World War, has balconies decorated with columns. The site includes a stone-based dome with pale grey metal panels and a protruding shutter, plus two preserved pre-revolutionary towers: one for a refractor (1900) and one with a dome for a Zeiss double astrograph (1906).

Nikolai Maltsov, an amateur astronomer, built a refractor tower on his land near Simeiz in 1900 and a domed tower for a Zeiss double astrograph in 1906. In 1908 he gave the observatory to Pulkovo Observatory, which opened its southern astrophysical department there in 1912 under Grigory Neujmin. Destroyed in World War II, it was rebuilt from 1945 as the independent Crimean Astrophysical Observatory under Grigory Shajn.

The observatory's name appears in the Simeis catalogue of galactic emission nebulae, issued in the 1950s by G. A. Shajn and V. F. Gaze; it includes Simeis 57, the Propeller Nebula in Cygnus, and Simeis 147, the Spaghetti Nebula in Auriga. Asteroid 749 Malzovia honours founder Nikolai Maltsov, and 748 Simeïsa commemorates the site.

The observatory is a research facility on Mount Koshka, not a site open for tourist visits; access is for staff and visiting astronomers. The main building, restored after the Second World War, has balconies decorated with columns. The site lies at 360 m above sea level on the southern mountainside.

The station has contributed to discovering about 150 minor planets and maintains extensive archives of sky objects from decades of observation. These catalogs remain valuable for astronomers studying the movement and characteristics of these bodies.