Lake Vermilion-Soudan Underground Mine State Park, Iron mine and research station in St. Louis County, Minnesota, USA.
Lake Vermilion-Soudan Underground Mine is an iron ore mine that extends over 700 meters deep, with multiple levels connected by electric hoists and underground rail systems. The site allows visitors to walk through these underground tunnels and see the structure of the historic mine.
The mine began extracting high-grade iron ore in 1884 and played an important role in Minnesota's industry until closing in 1962. Its operation contributed significantly to regional steel production and economic development.
Guided tours show how miners worked underground and explain their daily tasks using real tools and techniques from that era. Visitors can understand how hard and dangerous life was in these underground passages.
Visits operate from May through September and require advance reservations along with appropriate clothing since it remains cool underground year-round. The temperature below ground stays constantly cold, so wear warm layers and sturdy shoes for comfortable walking through the tunnels.
The site houses a physics laboratory where scientists conduct particle physics and dark matter research because the mine's depth shields from cosmic rays. This underground research facility is one of the few places where such sensitive measurements are possible.
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