Telefónica Building, Early 20th century skyscraper on Gran Via, Madrid, Spain
The Telefónica Building is a skyscraper standing around 89 meters tall with 14 stories, combining Art Deco design with traditional Baroque ornamental details. Its exterior facade displays a distinctive blend of modern construction and classical Madrid decorative elements throughout.
The structure was completed in 1929 and held the distinction of being Europe's tallest building until 1940, when the Terrazza Martini Tower in Genoa surpassed it. Its early prominence established it as a symbol of modernity during the interwar period.
The building served as a nerve center for international journalists during the Spanish Civil War, who reported from its offices to the world. Its location on Gran Vía made it a vital hub for those documenting the conflict.
The building houses the Telefónica Foundation, which operates a telecommunications museum and auditorium offering public exhibitions and events. Visitors should check opening hours in advance, as not all areas are continuously accessible.
The rooftop clock light was changed from red to blue in 2013 as part of a corporate identity shift, yet it continues serving as a nighttime landmark. This subtle color change is a detail many locals notice and recognize as a signal of the hour across the city.
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