Walnut Street Prison, First state penitentiary in Society Hill, Philadelphia, United States.
Walnut Street Prison was a penitentiary building with a U-shaped layout between Walnut Street and Locust Street in Philadelphia. The facility contained individual cells and work areas designed to isolate inmates while providing natural light and air circulation throughout the structure.
The prison was founded in 1773 and operated until 1838, introducing an isolation-based system for housing inmates. This approach to solitary confinement influenced correctional institutions across the United States and shaped modern penitentiary design.
The Pennsylvania Quakers developed this institution based on their belief in penitence and self-examination as methods for rehabilitation of criminal behavior.
The building featured small cells with high windows arranged to prevent communication between inmates while allowing natural light into each space. The design ensured proper ventilation throughout the structure while maintaining separation between the incarcerated individuals.
On January 9, 1793, Jean-Pierre Blanchard launched the first manned balloon flight in the Western Hemisphere from the prison yard. This remarkable event took place at a location otherwise known for confinement and punishment.
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