Natural History Building, Educational facility at University of Illinois, Urbana, United States.

The Natural History Building is a High Victorian Gothic structure of red brick on a rough stone foundation, decorated with colored brick and stone. Architect Nathan Clifford Ricker designed its steep roof, supported by a timber truss system whose exposed trusses form a coffered ceiling inside. It stands on the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign campus in Urbana, Illinois.

Built in 1892, the structure originally housed botany, zoology, geology, and a natural history museum designed by architect Nathan Clifford Ricker. The building reflected the educational priorities of the late 1800s when natural sciences were expanding.

The building's name comes from the natural history museum it held when it opened in 1892, alongside botany, zoology and geology departments. Since the 2017 reopening it has housed the School of Earth, Society, and Environment, including the departments of Climate, Meteorology, and Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Science and Environmental Change, and Geography and Geographic Information Systems, plus teaching space for the School of Integrative Biology.

Access is typically available during university business hours, though some areas may be limited to students and staff. It is best to check ahead if you plan to explore specific rooms or laboratories.

Following structural problems discovered in 2010, the building underwent complete renovation through 2017 and achieved Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Gold certification. This transformation preserved the historic brick facade while installing advanced sustainable systems inside.