Eridu, Archaeological site near Tell Abu Shahrain, Iraq
Eridu is an ancient site south of Tell Abu Shahrain in Dhi Qar Governorate with remains from several millennia of human occupation. The ruins show foundations of sanctuaries, domestic buildings, and a stepped platform, spread across a dry area near former marshland.
The first settlement emerged in the sixth millennium before the common era as a small village with reed huts near the marshes. Later inhabitants rebuilt and expanded the sanctuary many times over centuries until the city was abandoned around the seventh century before the common era.
Its name comes from a Sumerian word meaning remote place or settlement by the edge of the marshes where fresh water meets salt water. Locals today recognize it as part of the traditional landscape described in ancient flood stories still told across southern Iraq.
The site sits away from main roads and is best reached with a vehicle, as public transport is sparse in this rural area. Visitors should bring a knowledgeable companion to explain the different excavation sections and guide the way through the wide open terrain.
Excavators found tiny fish bones and shells in the oldest layers, showing that the first inhabitants lived at the edge of a lagoon and depended on fishing. Over time the water receded and people adapted to the new dry surroundings.
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