Igreja do Rosário dos Homens Pretos da Penha, Colonial Catholic church in Penha district, São Paulo, Brazil

Igreja do Rosário dos Homens Pretos da Penha is a church in the Penha district featuring simple colonial architecture with a single nave and main chapel. The building also includes a lateral gallery, following construction methods typical of Brazilian religious buildings from that era.

The Brotherhood of Black Men, founded in São Paulo on 2 January 1711, petitioned the Bishop of São Paulo on 16 June 1802 for permission to build a chapel; the petition was approved. After five years of collecting alms in the streets, the foundation stone was laid on 24 July 1904, and the images were transferred on 21 and 22 April 1906. The church was listed by CONDEPHAAT in 1982.

The Brotherhood of Black Men, founded on 2 January 1711, still administers the church, which has never been restored. Since 2002 the Festa do Rosário dos Homens Pretos da Penha has been held throughout June, opening on the first Sunday with the raising of the mast and peaking on the 21st with the coronation of the festa's kings and a procession of 17 popular culture groups, including congadas, moçambiques and maracatus from São Paulo and Minas Gerais.

The church stands at Largo do Rosário in Penha de França, in São Paulo's east zone, and gives the square its name. The Brotherhood of Black Men, founded on 2 January 1711, still maintains the building, which has never been restored. The Festa do Rosário runs through June, opening on the first Sunday with the raising of the mast and peaking on the 21st with the coronation of the festival kings and 17 popular culture groups.

The community celebrates annually each June with a festival featuring traditional coronation ceremonies and performances by local cultural groups. The event draws people from across the region who gather to honor this heritage.