London Tower, Historic fortress on River Thames, London, England
The London Tower is a fortress comprising multiple stone buildings arranged within two concentric defensive walls and a surrounding moat along the Thames River. The complex includes palaces, chapels, and storage buildings that have been expanded and modified over centuries.
The fortress originated with the construction of the White Tower beginning in 1066 after the Norman conquest of England, serving as a symbol of domination over the newly conquered territory. The complex expanded later with additional fortifications, royal residences, and prison structures that reflected different periods of English history.
The Yeoman Warders dress in distinctive red uniforms and live within the fortress walls, conducting tours and maintaining centuries-old ceremonial duties alongside their protective role. Their daily presence shapes how visitors experience the place and connects past traditions to contemporary life.
Access is by bridge across the moat, and visitors can explore individual towers and buildings on their own or join guided group tours to learn more. Sturdy footwear is recommended since the pathways consist of uneven cobblestone and involve climbing several levels throughout the complex.
The fortress houses seven black ravens maintained by a dedicated Ravenmaster, and according to an ancient belief, their presence protects the fortress and the kingdom. These birds are so central to tradition that their care is taken seriously and their wings are partially clipped to prevent them from flying away.
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