Castle of San Juan de Ulúa
Castle of San Juan de Ulúa, Military fortress and museum at Veracruz harbor, Mexico.
Description
The Castle of San Juan de Ulúa is a fortress on a coral islet facing the harbor of Veracruz, composed of stone walls, several towers, dungeon chambers, and a governor's palace. The entire complex spreads across the islet and connects to the mainland through a fortified access road.
History
Construction began in 1535 under Spanish colonial rule and continued until 1769, with the structure being expanded repeatedly. Spanish troops held the fort until 1825, when they had to abandon it following Mexican independence.
Culture
The thick walls and narrow corridors tell of its original use as a defensive structure against pirates and as a prison for political captives. Visitors today see the former cells and courtyard where soldiers of the Spanish crown spent their daily lives.
Practical
Access is via a road leading from the harbor to the islet, and the grounds are largely flat and walkable. Open areas offer views of the sea, while narrow indoor spaces provide little shade during hot weather.
Did you know?
The sea continues to erode the foundations, and in 2005 a steel wall was installed to protect the structure from currents and passing cargo ships. This modern construction runs along the exterior and becomes partly visible at low tide.
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