Castle of San Juan de Ulúa

The Castle of San Juan de Ulúa is a fortress on a coral islet facing the harbor of Veracruz, composed of stone walls, several towers, dungeon chambers, and a governor's palace. The entire complex spreads across the islet and connects to the mainland through a fortified access road.

Construction began in 1535 under Spanish colonial rule and continued until 1769, with the structure being expanded repeatedly. Spanish troops held the fort until 1825, when they had to abandon it following Mexican independence.

The thick walls and narrow corridors tell of its original use as a defensive structure against pirates and as a prison for political captives. Visitors today see the former cells and courtyard where soldiers of the Spanish crown spent their daily lives.

Access is via a road leading from the harbor to the islet, and the grounds are largely flat and walkable. Open areas offer views of the sea, while narrow indoor spaces provide little shade during hot weather.

The sea continues to erode the foundations, and in 2005 a steel wall was installed to protect the structure from currents and passing cargo ships. This modern construction runs along the exterior and becomes partly visible at low tide.

Inception: 1565

Made from material: stone

Part of: Centro histórico de Veracruz

Website: https://sanjuandeulua.inah.gob.mx

GPS coordinates: 19.20917,-96.13139

Latest update: December 13, 2025 16:51