Shiprock, Sacred mountain in San Juan County, United States.
Shiprock is a volcanic rock formation in San Juan County, New Mexico, rising about 1,583 feet above the surrounding desert floor and composed of dark minette stone. Several dikes radiate outward from the main body across the landscape, creating sharp contrasts against the sandy ground.
The minette dikes of Shiprock solidified about 27 million years ago, and the neck was exposed after the Colorado Plateau was uplifted roughly 16 million years ago, accelerating erosion of the surrounding rock. In 1939 a Sierra Club party including David Brower made the first recorded ascent, the first climb in the United States to use expansion bolts for protection. Climbing was banned by the Navajo Nation in 1970 after three climbers were seriously injured.
The Navajo name Tsé Bitʼaʼí, "rock with wings", recalls the great bird that carried the Navajo north to their present lands. In one legend people lived on the peak, descending only to farm and fetch water, until lightning destroyed the trail and stranded them. Climbing is banned since 1970, but camping and hiking permits are issued for some areas, not for Shiprock itself.
The formation stands at an elevation of about 7,177 feet (2,188 meters) and is located roughly 10.75 miles (17 kilometers) southwest of the town of Shiprock in New Mexico. The area is closed to visitors, but the silhouette can be viewed clearly from the nearby road.
The structure is a volcanic neck with solidified magma that has been exposed through millions of years of erosion. The radiating dikes extend for several miles and represent remnants of magma flows that pushed through cracks in the surrounding rock.
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