Vermilion Falls, Natural cascade in Northern Alberta, Canada

Vermilion Falls is a series of fan-shaped steps of limestone and shale on the Peace River in Alberta, Canada. The steps range from 4.6 to 7.6 m (15–25 ft) in height depending on the season. In the photograph, white water drops over a broad, uneven rocky ledge in several continuous sheets and lines of foam, with dark, rough rock and wet, rounded ledges visible below and beside the falls.

The waterfall received its name from both French and Cree languages, reflecting the region's history of cultural encounter. The French called it 'Chutes Vermilion' while the Cree named it 'nepegabeketik', meaning where water falls.

The Cree name Nepegabeketik means "where the water falls", and the rapids 2.75 km upstream are called Meatina Powistik, "the real rapids". The French name Chutes Vermilion is also recorded for the falls, and the Peace River here marks the stretch that boats cannot pass continuously.

Small flat-bottomed boats can pass over the falls only during high water; at other times boaters dock below and follow an 8-kilometre trail along the south bank to rejoin the river above the falls. Vermilion Rapids lie 2.75 km upstream.

Vermilion Falls is the second largest waterfall in Canada by average flow rate, after Niagara Falls, and the largest lying entirely within the country. It is also the sixth widest waterfall in the world. The falls block continuous navigation of the Peace River between its confluence with the Athabasca River and Hudson's Hope.